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Comparative Genome Hybridisation

Comparative genome hybridization is a long way of referring to the molecular analysis of copy number changes in tumor cell DNA, a critical part of looking at cancer cells. This particular method depends on hybridization of fluorescently-marked tumor DNA compared with normal DNA in normal metaphase preparations.

By examining the sections that fluoresce compared to those that don't, regional issues in tumor DNA when compared to control DNA can be used to identify abnormal sections and unbalanced chromosomes. Structural abberations and inversions cannot be detected with this method.

Comparative genome hybridizationm can detect loss, gain, and amplification of copies at the chromosomal level of tumor genes. But in order to detect a copy loss, the region in question must be a minimal 10 Mb long. Amplification is much more sensitive, by a full order of magnitude. Using array CGH helps overcome some of these limits. Neither method, however, can provide information to the scientist about ploidy or about the location of rearranged sequences. Other test methods must be used to detect these things.

Web Resources On Comparative Genome Hybridisation

Microarray based comparative genomic hybridisation
Comparative Genomic Hybridisation and Oncological Studies

Book Resources On Comparative Genome Hybridisation

Comparative Genomics by Melody Clark (Ed)
From Genes to Genomes : Concepts and Applications of DNA Technology by Jeremy W. Dale

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