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Cosmological Constant

Albert Einstein originally proposed a cosmological constant to modify his original theory of General Relativity in order to describe a stationary universe. He abandoned the concept after discovery of the Hubble redshift and an expanding universe.

The constant describes an inherent density and pressure associated with the vacuum [i.e., 'empty' space], and has generated new interest from astrophysicists in light of new discoveries in recent years, such as Dark Energy and accelerated expansion. Results establishing the energy density of the cosmic microwave background [CMB] and new data from supernova observations have led to a small but positive value for the constant.

Web Resources On Cosmological Constant

Cosmological Constant (UCLA)
The Cosmological Constant
Cosmological constant (Wikipedia)

Book Resources On Cosmological Constant

Einsteins Greatest Blunder?: The Cosmological Constant and Other Fudge Factors in the Physics of the Universe by Donald Goldsmith
Modern Cosmological Observations and Problems by Gregory Bothun
Introduction to General Relativity and the Cosmological Constant Problem by Marcelo Samuel Berman

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