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Guanine

Described as a bound nucleotide, it differs from free nucleotides such as ATP and GTP in that it exists as a part of a polynucleotide, instead of a single molecule extant in the cell. Guanine thus serves as a constituent element of both DNA and RNA. This purine incorporates a base of two fused rings of nitrogen and hydrogen, bound to a 5’ carbohydrate group (ribose in RNA, deoxyribose in DNA) which is in turn bound to a phosphate group. Guanine differs in its molecular structure from cytosine, the pyrimidine based nucleotide with which it forms a Watson-Crick complementary base pair, in that it incorporates an oxygen atom and has differently configured double nitrogen ring.

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