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Nicolaus Copernicus

Born in 1473 in the town of Torun in Polish Royal Prussia, Nicolaus Copernicus is widely considered to be the father of modern astronomy. His theories were so revolutionary and so groundbreaking that their impact was felt beyond the field of astronomy alone, to the point where it can be said they were part of the foundation upon which all of modern science was developed. Among his findings were: that the earth rotated on its axis once a day, that the earth rotated around the sun once a year, and that it was the sun, not the earth, that was at the center of the universe. These discoveries led to what is referred to as the Copernican Revolution. This scientific revolution is often cited by philosophers of science as an example of how simpler models and theories can replace more complicated but dominant theories that seek to explain the same thing.

Ironically enough, Copernicus was an astronomer only by hobby. He was a canon in the Cathedral of Frombork by profession, and also performed duties as an administrator and diplomat on behalf of the Prince-Bishop of Warmia. His position allowed him to actively remain academic, and he spent much time as a student. It was while in the cathedral that he would devote time to looking at the stars, always with the naked eye since the telescope had yet to be invented. Through his observations he arrived at a number of theories that stood in contrast to the paradigmatic beliefs of the day, so much so that he was hesitant to publish them.

Web Resources On Nicolaus Copernicus

Wikipedia: Nicolaus Copernicus
Biography: Copernicus

Book Resources On Nicolaus Copernicus

Nicolaus Copernicus: And the Founding of Modern Astronomy by Todd Goble
On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres by Nicolaus Copernicus

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