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Pneumatics

Pneumatics is the branch of engineering that deals with gases in motion and studies the properties of gases for the purpose of performing mechanical tasks. The word pneumatics is derived from the Greek word “pneumatikos” which means “coming from the wind”. As in the case of hydraulics, the theoretical framework of pneumatics is based on fluid mechanics.

Pneumatic systems operate on the basis of gas being compressed under extremely high pressure and then contained within a special storage tank. This gas is then made to rapidly expand by being released into a separate chamber. The chamber is connected to a rod or cylinder that pushes outward when the gas expands, thereby bringing about the energy required to perform the specified task. One type of compressed gas that a pneumatic system often employs is air, which, when used safely, can be a very effective source of potential or stored energy. Some examples of the practical applications of compressed air include dentist drills, nail guns, air compressors, automatic doors and vacuum pumps.

Both hydraulics and pneumatics are functions of fluid power. The difference is that hydraulic systems normally operate at a level of 1,000 to 5,000 psi, while pneumatic systems are more lightweight, coming in at a level of only 80 to 100 psi.

Web Resources On Pneumatics

Pneumatics Information
Wikipedia: Pneumatics

Book Resources On Pneumatics

Basic Pneumatics by Jay Hooper
The Analysis and Design of Pneumatic Systems by Blaine W. Andersen

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